main article: Taiwanese Antibacterial antibiotics classification抗菌抗生素分類
分類[]
tetracyclines:抑制elongation的30s[]
- other tetracyclines:不能治tetracycline-resistant
- short half life(6~8h):tetracycline、chlortetracycline、oxytetracycline
- intermediate half life(12h): 6-deoxytetracycline: demeclocycline(用以治療ADH過度分泌)、methacycline
- 6-deoxytetracycline:minocycline和doxycycline(若要注射時較常用):治tetracycline-resistant，為吸收不受食物影響的藥物
- 通常注射劑型是用doxycycline 100mg every 12~24 h，IM因為會痛所以不適合
- doxycycline因為是吸收不受食物影響的藥物所以口服時常常使用
機轉[]
藉由抑制elongation: bind to 30s subunit of the bacterial ribosome reversibly , block the binding of aminoacyl-tRNA to the A site(acceptor site) on the mRNA-ribosome complex 以抑制蛋白質合成。
治療學[]
- tetracyclines often coadministrate with Aminoglycoside to treat plague, tularenia(兔熱病), and brucellosis(布氏桿菌症)
- tetracyclines穿過BBB的能力差只有tetracyclines中的minocycline能用在meningococci的潛伏期，但是因為meningococci多有抗性所以rifampin is prefered.
- bronchitis, Community-aquired pneumonia ...etc. Lower respiratory tract infections can be treated by tetracyclines.
- nontuberculous mycobacterial infections (eg, Mycobacterium marinum海魚分之桿菌)
配伍禁忌[]
- 和二價陽離子為配伍禁忌
- 和diuretics合用可能會造成nitrogen retention