Sympathoplegic agents and related drugs/Sympatholytic agents and related drugs交感神經解劑和相關藥物

交感神經解藥

主條目:藥物影響腎能素

分類

Sympathoplegic agents

centrally acting sympathoplegic drugs and related drugs

α2-agonists: adrenergic agents

• clonidine
• guanidines
  • guanabenz
  • guanfacine
• methyldopa

imidazole binding site agonist (IBS1 agonist): nonadrenergic agents

• moxonidine
• rilmenidine
• agmatine

peripherally acting sympathoplegic drugs

autonomic ganglion blockers

• depolarizing blocking agents
  • nicotine
  • lobeine
  • dimethyl phenylpiperazium(DMPP)
  • trimethylamminium(TMA)
• competitive blocking agents
  • tetraethylamminium(TEA)
  • hexamethonium
  • trimethaphan camsyl
• mecamylamine: competitive blocking agents and noncompetitive nondepolarizing agents

adrenergic neuron-blocking agent

• 阻止顆粒貯存—(-)→VMAT(irreversible)
  • reserpine: nonselective ( both CNS and PNS )
    • —(-)→VMAT(irreversible)
    • →depletion of NE、DA.....etc MAs
    • →antihypertention、depression、Parkinsonism
  • syrosingopine
• 抑制交感神經末梢釋放: selective ( only PNS )—(-)→NET→depletion of MAs，所以干擾 antidepressant inhibiting reuptake
  • bretylium: Antiarrythmia(抗心律不整—(-)→β1
  • guanethidine—(-)→α1
  • guanadrel
• 神經偽傳遞
  • pargyline(為一種MAOI):尚有Bretylium-like effect(所以MAOI often cause orthostatic hypertention)

adrenergic antagonist

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主條目

抗高血壓