https://www.twhealth.org.tw/journalView.php?cat=63&sid=1086&page=1
- cough(咳嗽
- dry cough(乾咳:因為肺部組織間液的累積而刺激J receptor等原因引起的咳嗽反射
- productive cough(痰咳 (coughs that produce phlegm(痰 ):因為呼吸道中有痰所引起的咳嗽反射
classification[]
- 諾司卡賓(Noscapine)
- 骨架Morphine
- Codeine(懷孕分級C/D)(哺乳不建議):2歲以上
- Hydrocodeine(懷孕分級C/D) bitartrate
- 骨架morphinan
- Dextromethorphan(懷孕分級C)(哺乳可建議):12歲以上
miscellaneous[]
cough medicine for productive cough[]
expectorants(祛痰藥: 揮發油和含有溴原子的藥物分子[]
- 癒創木酚(Guaiacol)
- guaifenesin(懷孕分級C)(哺乳可建議):商業上最常看到的expectorants(祛痰藥
- Bromhexine和Ambroxol(Mucosolvan沐舒痰錠)
- Bromhexine
- Ambroxol[1]:Ambroxol是一種含有溴原子的藥物分子，是同家族化痰藥Bromhexine的活性代謝物。[2]
miscellaneous[]
- 枇杷葉（Eriobotryae Folium） 糖苷質（Glycosides）:常用中藥:止咳平喘
- 桔梗根（Platycodi Radix）(Platycodon) 糖苷質（Glycosides）:常用中藥:止咳平喘
- 桑白皮（Mori Radicis Cortex）(Morus) 萜類（Terpenoids）:常用中藥:止咳平喘
- 銀杏種子（Ginkgo）（白果， Ginkgo Semen） 萜類（Terpenoids）:常用中藥:止咳平喘
- 橘皮（Chenpi）陳皮 (Citri Reticulataea Pericarpium)(Citri Nobilis Cortex) 萜類（Terpenoids）flavonoids (白老師):常用中藥:止咳平喘
- 氯化銨(Ammonium Chloride)
- 麻黃鹼(Ephedrine)
- 咖啡鹼(Caffeine)
- 安息香酸鈉(Sodium Benzoate)
- 東莨菪浸膏(Extract Scopolia)
- 癒創木酚(Guaiacol)
- 諾司卡賓(Noscapine)
- 燐酸可待因(Codeine Phosphate)
- 美遠志(Senega)
- 氯芬尼拉明(Chlorpheniramine)
- 松節油(Oleum Terebinthine)
- 杏仁(苦杏仁Armeniaca Amara、:常用中藥:止咳化痰藥
- 甜杏仁Armeniaca Dulcis):常用中藥:止咳化痰藥
- 遠志(Polygala)
- 小茴香(Foeniculum)
- 桔梗(Platycodon):常用中藥:止咳平喘
- 野櫻皮(Prunus Serotina)
- 車前子(Plantaginis)
- 麻黃(Ephedra)
- 麥門冬(Ophiopogon)
- 桑白皮(Morus):常用中藥:止咳平喘
- 半廈(Pinellia)
- 紫蘇(Perilla)
- 厚朴(Magnolia)
- 茯苓(Hoelen)
- 柴胡(Bupleurum)
- 陳皮(Citri Nobilis Cortex):常用中藥:止咳平喘
- 石膏(Cypsum Fibrosum)
延伸學習[]
化痰止咳平喘药
| 化痰药(常可止咳平喘) 痰常源自脾、腎病(尤為脾病) 苓桂朮甘湯:健脾滲濕、溫化痰飲
|
| 止咳平喘药(常可祛痰)
|
|
化痰药(常可止咳平喘)
| 燥濕化痰
|
| 溫化寒痰
|
| 清熱化痰
|
| 潤燥化痰
|
| 祛風痰
|
| 祛頑痰
|
| 降氣化痰
|
| 宣肺祛痰
|
|
| 燥濕化痰
|
| 半夏(熱性藥)(濕)
|
燥湿化痰（为治寒痰、湿痰要药）、
|
散结消痞、
|
半夏白朮天麻湯:補脾燥濕、化痰息風
|
|
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降逆止呕、
|
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半夏厚朴湯:行氣開鬱、降逆化痰
|
| 外用消肿止痛
|
|
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| 天南星(经络)(風濕)
|
燥湿痰、祛风痰止痉散结消肿
|
善祛经络之风痰、
|
外用散结消肿
|
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| 禹白附(头面)(風濕)
|
燥湿痰、祛风痰止痉散结消肿
|
善祛头面之风痰、
|
止痛、解散结
|
|
| 溫化寒痰
|
| 白芥子(熱性藥)(肺)(皮裡膜外)
|
温肺化痰（善于搜剔寒痰伏饮）、
|
利气散结（善治皮里膜外之痰）
|
|
|
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| 祛頑痰
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| 皂 荚(風)
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祛顽痰、
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| 通窍开闭、
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| 祛风杀虫
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| 降氣化痰
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| 旋覆花(肺胃)
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降气化痰、
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（降肺胃之气）
|
|
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旋覆花代赭石湯:扶正益胃、降逆化痰
|
| 降逆止呕
|
|
|
|
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| 白 前(熱性藥)
|
降氣化痰
|
性微温
|
|
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| 前 胡(寒性藥)
|
降气化痰
|
性微寒，
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兼宣散风热
|
|
|
|
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| 清熱化痰
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| 川 贝(寒性藥)(肺)(燥)
|
清热化痰
|
散结消痈
|
|
|
|
|
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| 润肺止咳力强
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|
|
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| 浙 贝(寒性藥)
|
清热化痰
|
散结消痈
|
清热散结力强
|
|
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| 瓜 蒌(寒性藥)(胸)
|
清热化痰
|
宽胸散结、
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|
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| 润肠通便
|
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瓜蔞枳實湯:清肺化痰、行氣利膈
|
| 竹 茹(寒性藥)(心胃)
|
清热化痰
|
|
|
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同出一物
|
|
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| 除烦止呕（清心胃之热）
|
|
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| 竹 沥(寒性藥)
|
清热化痰
|
性质滑利，清热祛痰力强（豁痰）、
|
|
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| 利窍定惊
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| 天竺黄(寒性藥)(心)
|
清热化痰
|
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| 清心定惊（定惊力强）
|
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| 海蛤壳(寒性藥)
|
清热化痰
|
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| 软坚散结
|
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| 消痰软坚（为治瘿瘤瘰疬要药）利水消肿 常相须为用
|
| 海 藻
|
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| 昆 布
|
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| 宣肺祛痰、
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| 桔 梗(肺)
|
宣肺祛痰、
|
利咽、排脓（性质升散，可载药上行）
|
|
|
|
止咳平喘药(常可祛痰)
| 平喘
|
降氣平喘 蘇子降氣湯(熱性藥):降氣平喘、溫化痰濕
|
| 瀉肺平喘 定喘湯(寒性藥):宣肺平喘、清熱化痰
|
| 寒痰喘咳
|
| 止咳
|
降氣止咳
|
| 潤肺止咳
|
| 寒痰喘咳
|
頓嗽散(寒性藥):治熱性咳嗽、乾咳
止嗽散(風邪表証):疏風解表、化痰止咳
|
| 降气止咳平喘 润肠通便 杏蘇散、杏蘇散(幼科):溫散風寒、宣肺化痰
|
| 杏仁(燥)(肺)
|
降气止咳平喘 润肠通便
|
为咳喘要药
|
|
|
|
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| 兼能宣肺、
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|
|
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| 苏子(熱性藥)(燥)
|
降气止咳平喘 润肠通便
|
化痰（寒痰咳喘尤宜）
|
|
|
|
|
| 润肺止咳=潤燥化痰?
|
| 百 部(肺)(燥)
|
润肺止咳
|
润肺力强，尤宜于阴虚劳嗽、
|
|
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| 又杀虫灭虱
|
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| 紫 菀(肺)(燥)
|
润肺止咳
|
|
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| 祛痰
|
长于祛痰
|
|
|
|
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| 款冬花(肺)(燥)
|
润肺止咳
|
长于镇咳
|
|
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|
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| 祛痰
|
|
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|
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|
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| 泻肺平喘 利水消肿
|
| 桑白皮(肺)
|
泻肺平喘 利水消肿
|
偏泻肺热、力缓、
|
偏治风水、皮水
|
|
| 葶苈子(肺)(濕)
|
泻肺平喘 利水消肿
|
偏泻肺中痰火、水饮、力峻、
|
偏治水湿壅盛之实证
|
|
| 清肺化痰、
|
| 马兜铃(寒性藥)(肺)(腸)
|
清肺化痰、止咳平喘、
|
清肠消痔
|
引起腎癌
|
|
|
|
|
| 枇杷叶(寒性藥)(肺胃)
|
清肺化痰、
|
清胃止呕
|
（降肺胃逆气，清肺胃热）
|
|
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歸脾湯(應為”歸脾心、補氣血湯”):健脾寧心、益氣補血主條目: Specific function and Effects of Chinese medicine中藥的功效和藥效
| name of the crude drug生藥名稱
|
origins基源
|
other medicinal parts其他用部
|
easily confused counterpart易混淆品項
|
Geographic location or Country of origin產地
|
Marker constituents指標成分
|
The Four Natures四氣 contribute to Efficacy藥效、pharmacokinetics藥品動力學PK
|
The Five Flavors五味 contribute to Efficacy藥效、pharmacokinetics藥品動力學PK
|
The meridians歸經 contribute to Efficacy藥效、pharmacokinetics藥品動力學PK
|
Specific function and Efficacy功效 contribute to Efficacy藥效、pharmacokinetics藥品動力學PK
|
therapeutic usage主治 contribute to Efficacy藥效、pharmacokinetics藥品動力學PK
|
probable scientific explanation to Efficacy藥效、pharmacokinetics藥品動力學PK with probable scientific corresponding counterpart
|
The Four Natures四氣 contribute to toxicity and side effects毒性與副作用
|
The Five Flavors五味 contribute to toxicity and side effects毒性與副作用
|
The meridians歸經 contribute to toxicity and side effects毒性與副作用
|
probable scientific explanation to toxicity and side effects毒性與副作用 with probable scientific corresponding counterpart
|
clinical applications臨床應用:diseases疾病
|
clinical applications臨床應用:pharmacological theory in Chinese medicine中醫 藥理
|
clinical applications臨床應用:possible mode of action in science of pharmacology可能的西醫科學藥理機轉
|
precaution使用注意note
|
scientific research科學驗證
|
reference參考資料
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參考資料[]
