藥學共筆
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主條目:Taiwanese Antipyretic analgesics classification解熱鎮痛藥非麻醉性止痛藥中樞止痛藥

機轉[]

  • 作用在中樞的COX,所以只能解熱鎮痛而不能抗發炎(抑制週邊COX的效果)
  • 提高疼痛的閥值所以可以鎮痛
  • 健康成人一天劑量勿逾3公克-(-)->COXIII。

相關商品[]

  • GSK
    • 普拿疼加強錠多添加咖啡因
    • 熱飲系列:添加維生素 C ,所以水溫不要超過50度C
      • 普拿疼舒經熱飲:成份跟普拿疼加強錠一樣,外加葡萄萃取物
      • 普拿疼伏冒熱飲散(檸檬清香)、普拿疼伏冒熱飲感冒散劑(西洋蔘口味)成分一樣,味道不同
      • 普拿疼伏冒熱飲 紓解鼻塞配方 ( 勁涼薄荷):用 pseudoephedrine偽麻黃素 取代了普拿疼伏冒熱飲散(檸檬清香)/普拿疼伏冒熱飲感冒散劑(西洋蔘口味)的 Phenylephrine HCI
      • 普拿疼伏冒熱飲散劑(加強配方):加上咖啡因止咳成分
      • 以上整理自止痛藥該怎麼服用?洪浩雲醫師破解:普拿疼的 6 大網路謠言

「普拿疼加強錠」每包含有 500mg 的乙醯胺酚和 65mg 的咖啡因。

維基百科[]

本品屬於輕度止痛藥[1],但並無明顯抗發炎活性,而通常不被歸為非類固醇抗發炎藥,它主要通過抑制分布在中樞神經系統COX-2,以減少前列腺素的生成,從而緩解疼痛,但由於COX-2在周邊組織中數量較少,因此作用微弱[2],且其作用機制迄今未明[3]

肝毒性機轉[]

藥化[]

有機化學官能基

雜環命名

*Glucuronidation (45-55%) *Sulfation (sulfate conjugation) accounts for 20–30%. *N-hydroxylation and dehydration, then GSH conjugation, accounts for less than 15%. The hepatic cytochrome P450 enzyme system metabolises paracetamol, forming a minor yet significant alkylating metabolite known as NAPQI (N-acetyl-p-benzoquinone imine)(also known as N-acetylimidoquinone). "Paracetamol metabolism" by Fvasconcellos (talk · contribs) - Own work, after Henry, John (1995). “Poisoning”, in Marshall, William Leonard. Clinical biochemistry: metabolic and clinical aspects, p. 666, Edinburgh: Churchill Livingstone, ISBN 9780443043413; and Hendrickson, Robert G.; Kenneth E. Bizovi (2006). “Acetaminophen”, in Nelson, Lewis H.; Flomenbaum, Neal; Goldfrank, Lewis R. et al. Goldfrank's toxicologic emergencies, p. 525, New York: McGraw-Hill, ISBN 9780071437639. Both retrieved on January 18, 2009 through Google Book Search.. Licensed under Public Domain via Wikimedia Commons - https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Paracetamol_metabolism.svg#/media/File:Paracetamol_metabolism

參考資料[]

  1. Hochhauser Cancer and its Management 2014 John Wiley & Sons isbn=9781118468715 119 https://books.google.com/books?id=CXjDBAAAQBAJ&pg=PA119}
  2. 模板:Cite journal
  3. 模板:Cite book
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